Latest Posts from Anaheim Signs
Free Warning Sign-To help Security
In a 2nd strategy, typically called “Push Through Letters”, the letters cut from the aluminum face. Acrylic letters are cutout a little smaller sized to fit thru the cut out aluminum. The density of the acrylic letters will vary from 1/2″ thick to 1″ thick. The acrylic letters are then fused to a backup acrylic sheet, and the backup sheet is then connected to the back of the aluminum face so that the letters press thru the cutout spaces.
Bronze/ Brass. Bronze and brass are mostly alloys of copper and zinc, plus traces of other metals, in differing proportions. They can be cast from ingots, sawn from sheet material or extruded. Smaller sized sign fabricators are usually limited in the size of areas that can be poured. Their bright finishes can be preoxidized by chemical attack or can be delegated oxidize naturally in the weather. If oxidization is not preferable, manganese can be contributed to the alloy and the finish can be maintained through such coatings as lacquers or liquid plastics.
Red brass is an alloy of 84-86 percent copper and 14 percent zinc.
Yellow brass is an alloy of 70 percent copper and 30 percent zinc. Brass accepts chrome plating much better than bronze, and is therefore preferred for that purpose.
Casting. Cast metal signs are strong, one piece signs or individual letter forms of a fairly heavy gauge. They are soften used when sturdiness or prestige recognition is required.
Installing. Metal signs are mounted with metal-rod wall fasteners, numerous adhesives, or by welding, brazing, or soldering onto a metal surface.
Sawing, Cutting
Fabrication Process. A paper pattern is made and connected to a metal plate. Following the pattern, the sign is eliminated with a band saw. Any metal is usable that can be sawed. Stainless-steel, as an example, can be utilized up to a density of about 1/8 inch (.3 millimeters) or aluminum approximately 1/2 inch (1.3 millimeters).
Finishing needs only the removal of any rough edges by belt sanding and filing. Additional treatment could include enameling, plating, or anodizing. Wall attachment methods are basically the exact same as those for cast metal signs.
Making Sheet Metal. Fabricated sheet metal signs are hollow, thin-walled three-dimensional signs. They are built by hand from many different pieces. Sides and face of the sign’s are flat and usually broad in location. Various sheet metals such as stainless-steel, copper, or aluminum could be used.
Fabrication Process. A paper pattern of the signface is connected to the metal and the kinds are eliminated. These forms are offered depth with the addition of sides. Sides and face are seamed by either soldering for steel, heliarc welding for aluminum, or brazing for copper. Size limitations for this sort of sign are very versatile and can rise to 10 feet (3 meters) in overall length. The surface of the sign can be completed by polishing, plating, anodizing, or enameling.
Hang around looking at indications online, just before you determine which sort of indication will finest match your needs. Google photos are a fantastic resource for indicator ideas. Simply type in some keywords that could describe the sort of indication you wish, like lighted letters, or indication graphics, or stone monolith signs. You will certainly manage to see tons of graphics that can provide you some suggestions, and layout inspiration. This will certainly help you comprehend as well as determine the sort of indication you will be purchasing, and all your estimators will certainly be bidding the same point.
Print out this warning sign at anaheimsigns.com
Here is a picture of the sign:
Taking Pictures of your Finished Products.
Always photograph your work indoors to ensure complete control of the lighting.
You'll need the following equipment to do your own photography:
A 35mm single lens reflex (SLR) camera with a lens. The most common lens size is about 50mm, depending on the brand. To photograph small pieces, you must be able to get the camera close enough to fill the entire frame with the piece in sharp focus. A macro lens or a close-up attachment gives you this capability.
A cable release.
A sturdy tripod.
Film.
Two floodlights.
Floodlight reflectors and stands.
A Kodak Gray Card.
Neutral sweeps or background.
A diffusion screen or photographic umbrella for each floodlight to control reflections if the work you're photographing is glossy.
Owning all of your equipment requires a substantial investment. If you photograph your work consistently, the investment will be worthwhile in the long run. A friend who is knowledgeable about camera equipment may help you check out used equipment through either a reputable camera store or photography magazines (Popular Photography, Modern Photography, for example). Secondhand equipment is much less expensive than new. If you're merely experimenting with photography, investigate renting or borrowing cameras and accessories.
The film you use depends on the type of sample you want. For color slides, use Kodak Ektachrome 500 Prof with an ISO of 50; for color prints, use Kodacolor VR-G 100 with an ISO of 100; and for black-and-white prints, choose Plus-X Pan with an ISO of 125.
Buy two 3200-degree Kelvin bulbs for your floodlights; if you're using Kodacolor VR-G 100, you also need an 80A color compensating filter with this light source. Check with the photography store personnel for other options and best combination of film, filters, and floodlights for your specific needs.
Hang your neutral background against a blank wall. Attach the piece you're photographing to the back-
Chicago artist Dave Krainik uses a tour-color 8Wx 10%” flyer to promote his pen-and-ink with colored pencil illustrations and caricatures. A realistically rendered corkboard background supports samples of his work, Printed on lightweight coated white stock, the piece is ideal for inclusion in a packet mailed to prospects, or left behind after an in-person review. The mini-poster quality of Krainik's flyer lends itself to hanging in an art buyer's office.
Ground with a low-tack adhesive (available in graphic-art supply stores). Secure your camera to a tripod and attach the cable release so that you can trip the shutter without shaking the camera. Check the camera for height and alignment parallel to the work. Move the camera until the piece fills the frame in sharp focus.
Arrange the floodlights, one on each side, at 45 degree angles to the piece until flat, even illumination is achieved. One way to check for even illumination is to hold a piece of white paper against the piece being photographed. A pencil held in front of the paper will cast shadows of equal density if your lighting is even. Uneven illumination causes one side of the piece to be darker than the other; adjust the lights to avoid this problem.
Use the Kodak Gray Card to determine the correct exposure; taking a light-meter reading directly from the artwork can result in an inaccurate exposure. Place the card in front of the piece to be photographed. Set the f/stop to f/8 and determine the proper shutter speed, 1/15, 1/30, 1/60 of a second, for example. Be sure you have the correct ISO set on your camera for the type of film you are using. Set this shutter speed on your camera. Recheck your focus and alignment, and take the picture using your cable release.
For insurance, repeat the process at the same shutter speed, but “bracket” your exposures. This means taking one picture one f/stop above and one f/stop below your original setting. In this case, you would use f/11 and f/5.6 for the next two exposures. Record your shots in a notebook. Repeat this process for each piece. When your slides or prints are returned, they'll be in the order you shot them. You'll be able to refer to your notebook and learn which setting provides the best reproduction. anaheimsigns.com
Metal is an incredibly versatile product for sign fabrication. It is very long lasting and produced in a large variety of methods.
� Steel: Steel is an extremely satisfying material for signs that do not require internal illumination, regardless of the extremely real issues of rusting. However, with appropriate care in specifying undercoats and paints these issues can be gotten over. Among the great benefits of steel is that any small metal working store can fabricate signs with it, it bonds easily (unlike aluminum), and it is reasonably inexpensive. Lettering applied by silk-screen ¬ ing or by the application of eliminated vinyl letters.
� Galvanized metal: Galvanizing is the process of using a zinc layer to a steel sheet or core. There are generally two kinds of galvanizing: hot-dip and electro plating. Galvanizing will have a life of about 7 to 14 years, up until first rusting. Galvanized steel can be created with proper prep work.
� Aluminum: Due to the fact that of its non-rusting characteristics, aluminum is utilized extensively in the fabrication of lighted signs. Sheet and plates are specified in the same method as steel. Aluminum will be anodized, repainted, or dressed in adhesive films. Pre-painted sheets with the very same qualities and in the same densities as steel, are also readily available.
� Bronze/ Brass: Bronze and brass are primarily alloys of copper and zinc, plus traces of other metals, in differing proportions. They are cast from ingots, sawn from sheet material or extruded. Smaller sized sign fabricators are normally limited in the size of areas that can be poured.
�
Their bright finishes can be pre-oxidized by chemical response or can be delegated oxidize naturally in the weather. If oxidization is not preferable, manganese can be contributed to the alloy and the finish can be maintained through such layers as lacquers or liquid plastics.
Red brass is an alloy of 84-86 percent copper and 14 percent zinc.
Yellow brass is an alloy of 70 percent copper and 30 percent zinc. Brass accepts chrome plating much better than bronze, and is therefore preferred for that purpose.
Aluminum is specifically appropriate for lighted or electric signs, and is utilized most extensively. Aluminum confronts with cutout letters, is one strategy.
The letters eliminated of the aluminum face, the cut edges painted or anodized to match the face, and the message supported by a diffusing sheet of acrylic plastic. The negative letter areas, such as the within an “o” or “d,” are either glued onto the acrylic sheet in temperate climates or evaluated in serious climates to stay clear of growth problems.
They can likewise be cut-out from acrylic. Then painted and connected to the aluminum background. They can likewise be fused to the acrylic backup sheet.
Regular Sign drafting practice.
In a second method, frequently called “Push Through Letters”, the letters cut from the aluminum face. Acrylic letters are cutout a little smaller sized to fit thru the cut out aluminum. The density of the acrylic letters will vary from 1/2″ thick to 1″ thick. The acrylic letters are then fused to a backup acrylic sheet, and the backup sheet is then connected to the back of the aluminum face so that the letters press thru the cutout spaces.
Bronze/ Brass. Bronze and brass are mostly alloys of copper and zinc, plus traces of other metals, in differing proportions. They can be cast from ingots, sawn from sheet material or extruded. Smaller sized sign fabricators are generally restricted in the size of sections that can be poured. Their bright surfaces can be preoxidized by chemical attack or can be left to oxidize naturally in the weather condition. If oxidization is not desirable, manganese can be included to the alloy and the surface can be maintained through such coatings as lacquers or liquid plastics.
Red brass is an alloy of 84-86 percent copper and 14 percent zinc.
Yellow brass is an alloy of 70 percent copper and 30 percent zinc. Brass accepts chrome plating much better than bronze, and is therefore preferred for that purpose.
Casting. Cast metal signs are strong, one piece signs or individual letter forms of a fairly heavy gauge. They are soften used when resilience or eminence identification is needed.
Mounting. Metal signs are installed with metal-rod wall fasteners, various adhesives, or by welding, brazing, or soldering onto a metal surface area.
Sawing, Cutting
Fabrication Process. A paper pattern is made and connected to a metal plate. Following the pattern, the sign is cut out with a band saw. Any metal is functional that can be sawed. Stainless steel, as an example, can be consumed to a thickness of about 1/8 inch (.3 millimeters) or aluminum approximately 1/2 inch (1.3 millimeters).
Completing requires just the removal of any rough edges by belt sanding and filing. Further treatment could involve enameling, plating, or anodizing. Wall accessory techniques are generally the like those for cast metal signs.
Making Sheet Metal. Produced sheet metal signs are hollow, thin-walled three-dimensional signs. They are constructed by hand from numerous separate pieces. Sides and face of the sign’s are flat and generally broad in location. Numerous sheet metals such as stainless steel, copper, or aluminum might be used.
Fabrication Process. A paper pattern of the signface is connected to the metal and the kinds are eliminated. These kinds are provided depth with the addition of sides. Sides and face are seamed by either soldering for steel, heliarc welding for aluminum, or brazing for copper. Size constraints for this type of sign are really versatile and can rise to 10 feet (3 meters) in length. The surface area of the sign can be finished by polishing, plating, anodizing, or enameling.
A major change is coming to the car pool lanes in Orange County. … SIGN UP FOR NEWSLETTERS. Sponsored By. CBS Los Angeles · 29_35x90. CBS2 / KCAL9 CBS2/KCAL9 is part of CBS Television Stations, a division of ……via Changes Coming To Orange County Carpool Lanes « CBS Los …
Exterior Sign Installed on Building
Spend time checking out signs online, prior to you establish which type of indication will ideal suit your demands. Google images are a fantastic resource for indicator concepts. Merely type in some keywords that could explain the sort of indication you want, like lighted letters, or indication graphics, or stone monolith signs. You will certainly manage to see tons of graphics that can offer you some concepts, as well as style inspiration. This will certainly help you recognize and also identify the kind of indicator you will certainly be buying, and also all your estimators will be bidding the exact same factor.
Exterior Sign Installed on Building
The size of exterior signs is often closely related to the size of copy they display. The basic size of the copy message depends upon two factors: how long the message is and how far away it must be legible. Legibility of all exterior signs is influenced by several factors, Any exterior sign, such as one giving parking directions which requires the driver to stop, slow down, or change directions, must be legible from a greater-than-normal distance, allowing the driver time to respond to whatever directions are indicated. After the letter height for a particular sign has been determined, rough layouts of the copy message can be made. If the basic shape of the sign panel has not been predetermined, these layouts can help in determining its final shape. For example, a freestanding sign may involve a six-word message. Let’s assume you use 12-inch high letters, it might not be practical to run the message in only one line. This would make the sign over 30 feet long. By trying rough copy layouts in two or three lines, the designer can determine an appropriate panel size. At the same time, the designers should explore various shapes, in his search for a shape that will meet all requirements. Addtional News:
OSHA’s Heat Safety App hits 72K downloads as temps rise and campaign to protect workers begins
With temperatures rising across the nation, check out OSHA’s Heat Safety Tool mobile app to calculate the Heat Index for your location and get reminders about how to prevent heat illness on the job. The popular app has been downloaded by more than 72,000 people since its launch in 2011. Available in English or Spanish on your smart phone, the app is one of many resources that OSHA is offering as part of its 2013 outreach campaign.
Through OSHA’s alliance with Lamar Advertising, electronic billboards positioned along busy Interstate 95 in Stratford, Conn. are delivering heat safety messages in English and Spanish, to an estimated 100,000 travelers every day.
For information and resources on heat illness, visit OSHA’s Heat Illness Prevention page. To order quantities of OSHA’s heat illness educational materials in English or Spanish, call OSHA’s Office of Communications at (202) 693-1999.
OSHA reminds inspectors to ensure exit doors are unlocked, exit routes unobstructed
OSHA is reminding compliance officers to check for adequate means of egress at all workplaces. This follows the recent disastrous fire and explosion that killed at least 119 workers on June 4, 2013, at a poultry processing plant in China.
(PDF*) for more information on employers’ responsibilities to ensure that their workers are able to exit the workplace quickly and safely.ᔥ OSHA QuickTakes – Bi-Weekly E-News Memo
More Reading
Lighted Channel Letters Made Orange County
Read trade publications to keep abreast of trends and to learn the “inside” thinking of your marketing area when advertising with Lighted Channel Letters Made Orange County. For specific markets, check the following: ad agencies, Advertising Age and Adweek; book publishers, Publishers Weekly; businesses, the financial pages and business sections of newspapers and business-oriented magazines, such as Forbes, Fortune, and Business Week; for the retail greeting card trade, Greetings Magazine; for magazines and newspapers, Editor & Publisher; for performing arts, Dancemagazine and Theatre Communications as well as any of the numerous music magazines; for record companies, Billboard magazine.
Many of these publications can be found on newsstands or in libraries. If they're not available in your area, write to the publisher for subscription information. If you're in close contact with other artists who share your interest, consider splitting the cost of a subscription or networking when adding Lighted Channel Letters Made Orange County
the information contained in the publication. Publishers' addresses for the trade publications are supplied in the Resource section following Chapter 5 and can also be found in the Standard Periodical Directory, a reference book that lists more than 65,000 U.S. and Canadian publications that are issued at least once every two years. Divided into 250 subject areas, the book lists consumer magazines, trade journals, newsletters, government publications, house organs, directories, organizations' publications, and newspapers. Each listing gives the name, address, and phone number; editor/publisher name(s); size; frequency of publication; general editorial interest; cost; and circulation. An alphabetical index of all names is supplied at the back of the book. You can also use this reference book as a resource to find other publications directed to your Lighted Channel Letters Made Orange County.
As you study each resource directory and publication, pull out the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of every firm that sounds appropriate to your work goals. If the resource you're using supplies them, also include the name of the person responsible for buying art or design, a brief description of the firm, its clients (if applicable), and the Lighted Channel Letters Made Orange County or product it offers. This is your beginning client list for either in-person or mail contact. As you make contact, you'll be filling out a 3″ by 5″ index card on each firm to keep track of the type of contact you make and the response you get. You'll find more about this in Chapter 5.
If you don't wish to do this much personal research (although it is the recommended procedure), or if you want to do a large blanket mailing, you can buy prospect lists from private companies offering mailing list services. These firms frequently are found in the Yellow Pages under the heading mailing lists. Lighted Channel Letters Made Orange County
Contact several for price and list comparisons—some carry lists that are too “generic” for your needs, such as lists of art directors that are not broken down into specific types of firms. Others have a minimum number that you can request, such as 500 or 1,000; this is most likely many more than you need right now, and the price will be high. Choose a mailing list firm carefully so that you know you will receive exactly the types of names you desire and the number that's practical for your finances. Many will send a catalog upon request listing the types of firms their mailing lists cover.
If the list that you generate is lengthy or you've subscribed to a purchased mailing list, check into the practicality of hiring a typing or word-processing service to provide you with these names and addresses typed on self-adhesive labels. You can arrange with these services to have the list reproduced on a regular schedule, but it's your responsibility to keep it updated for accuracy.Lighted Channel Letters Made Orange County
Lighted Channel Letters Made Orange County
Metal is an incredibly versatile product for sign fabrication. It is really durable and produced in a large variety of methods.
� Steel: Steel is an extremely satisfying material for signs that do not require internal illumination, regardless of the very genuine problems of rusting. Nevertheless, with adequate care in defining undercoats and paints these problems can be gotten over. One of the excellent benefits of steel is that any small metal working store can fabricate signs with it, it bonds easily (unlike aluminum), and it is fairly cheap. Lettering used by silk-screen ¬ ing or by the application of cut out vinyl letters.
� Galvanized metal: Galvanizing is the procedure of applying a zinc covering to a steel sheet or core. There are essentially two kinds of galvanizing: hot-dip and electro plating. Galvanizing will have a life of about 7 to 14 years, up until first rusting. Galvanized steel can be created with correct prep work.
� Aluminum: Because of its non-rusting qualities, aluminum is used thoroughly in the fabrication of lighted signs. Sheet and plates are defined in the exact same way as steel. Aluminum will certainly be anodized, painted, or dressed in adhesive films. Pre-painted sheets with the very same qualities and in the exact same thicknesses as steel, are likewise available.
� Bronze/ Brass: Bronze and brass are mostly alloys of copper and zinc, plus traces of other metals, in varying proportions. They are cast from ingots, sawn from sheet product or extruded. Smaller sign fabricators are normally limited in the size of areas that can be poured.
�
Their bright finishes can be pre-oxidized by chemical response or can be delegated oxidize naturally in the weather. If oxidization is not preferable, manganese can be contributed to the alloy and the finish can be protected through such coatings as lacquers or liquid plastics.
Red brass is an alloy of 84-86 percent copper and 14 percent zinc.
Yellow brass is an alloy of 70 percent copper and 30 percent zinc. Brass accepts chrome plating much better than bronze, and is therefore preferred for that purpose.
Aluminum is particularly suitable for lighted or electrical signs, and is used most thoroughly. Aluminum faces with cutout letters, is one strategy.
The letters cut out of the aluminum face, the cut edges created or anodized to match the face, and the message backed up by a diffusing sheet of acrylic plastic. The unfavorable letter spaces, such as the within of an “o” or “d,” are either glued onto the acrylic sheet in temperate environments or screened in serious environments to avoid growth problems.
They can likewise be cut-out from acrylic. Then repainted and connected to the aluminum background. They can also be merged to the acrylic backup sheet.
Building Letters Installed Irvine Ca.
In a 2nd technique, frequently called “Press Thru Letters”, the letters cut from the aluminum face. Acrylic letters are cutout a little smaller sized to fit thru the cut out aluminum. The density of the acrylic letters will vary from 1/2″ thick to 1″ thick. The acrylic letters are then fused to a backup acrylic sheet, and the backup sheet is then connected to the back of the aluminum face so that the letters press thru the cutout spaces.
Bronze/ Brass. Bronze and brass are mostly alloys of copper and zinc, plus traces of other metals, in differing proportions. They can be cast from ingots, sawn from sheet material or extruded. Smaller sized sign fabricators are generally restricted in the size of sections that can be poured. Their bright surfaces can be preoxidized by chemical attack or can be left to oxidize naturally in the weather condition. If oxidization is not desirable, manganese can be included to the alloy and the surface can be maintained through such coatings as lacquers or liquid plastics.
Red brass is an alloy of 84-86 percent copper and 14 percent zinc.
Yellow brass is an alloy of 70 percent copper and 30 percent zinc. Brass accepts chrome plating much better than bronze, and is therefore preferred for that purpose.
Casting. Cast metal signs are strong, one piece signs or individual letter forms of a fairly heavy gauge. They are soften used when resilience or prestige recognition is required.
Installing. Metal signs are mounted with metal-rod wall fasteners, numerous adhesives, or by welding, brazing, or soldering onto a metal surface.
Sawing, Cutting
Fabrication Process. A paper pattern is made and connected to a metal plate. Following the pattern, the sign is eliminated with a band saw. Any metal is usable that can be sawed. Stainless-steel, as an example, can be utilized up to a density of about 1/8 inch (.3 millimeters) or aluminum approximately 1/2 inch (1.3 millimeters).
Completing requires just the removal of any rough edges by belt sanding and filing. Further treatment could include enameling, plating, or anodizing. Wall attachment methods are basically the very same as those for cast metal signs.
Making Sheet Metal. Produced sheet metal signs are hollow, thin-walled three-dimensional signs. They are constructed by hand from lots of different pieces. Sides and face of the sign’s are flat and normally broad in area. Numerous sheet metals such as stainless steel, copper, or aluminum might be used.
Fabrication Process. A paper pattern of the signface is connected to the metal and the kinds are eliminated. These forms are offered depth with the addition of sides. Sides and face are seamed by either soldering for steel, heliarc welding for aluminum, or brazing for copper. Size limitations for this type of sign are really versatile and can rise to 10 feet (3 meters) in length. The surface area of the sign can be finished by polishing, plating, anodizing, or enameling.
Building Letters Installed Irvine Ca.
As with any business, the Building Letters Installed Irvine Ca. scene is evolving and growing. Computers have entered the sign artist's life, not to replace you but to give you the means of creating a different type of art more quickly. Electronic signage media are opening doors to creativity undreamed of twenty years ago.
As the business changes, your signage marketing and digital graphics promotional efforts can change with them. Don't be afraid to open your eyes to untested areas for advertising yourself, such as Building Letters Installed Irvine Ca. Explore the possibilities and costs of renting a billboard, running ads in newspapers and general-circulation magazines, starting your own newsletter for businesses, buying airtime on radio or a Yellow Pages ad, placing an ad on a local cable TV station or a listing on a computer bulletin board.
Just because these outlets aren't frequently used by graphic artists doesn't mean they can't be. You might have to be the first—but you'll be remembered. Today's business competition sometimes means we have to risk standing out from all the rest, not only in our talent but also in letting clients know it exists. Use your imagination in your marketing and promotional efforts as you do in your artwork, and see how far it takes you. Building Letters Installed Irvine Ca.
hello
Lighted Channel Letters Made
The dry diazo method of making a Lighted Channel Letters Made print is a two-step operation: (1) exposure and (2) development by ammonia vapors. This print paper is exposed to an ultraviolet light source that causes a chemical decomposition of the light sensitive coating when it has not been protected by a line on the tracing. The exposed print paper is developed by passing it through a chamber containing ammonia vapor. Even though the resulting print is a positive type print (dark image on a white background) the prints are still referred to as “blueprints.” Blueprint properly refers to a specific process and kind of print.
Since the quality of the white print (dark blue or black lines on an off-white background) is important, it is essential that line work and lettering on the tracing is dense and opaque. If the pencil lines are weak, the light will filter through and partially destroy the light sensitive coating in the exposure process. The machine will reproduce the quality of the tracing. The beginning draftsman must attempt to have dense, dark, and vibrant line work.
Time Record Sheets
All architectural offices, whether a one-man or 35-man office, maintain some type of record showing the time that the architect and draftsman spends on each job. During a normal eight-hour working day a man may work on several different projects. All projects are usually divided roughly into four sequential phases: preliminary studies and drawings, working drawings, specifications, and supervision. At the end of each day the employee records his activities according to the name of the job, phase, job number and hours on a Time Record Sheet. Doe's time record sheet for a two-week period. At the end of a specified period— two weeks in this illustration—the hours are easily tallied for each job.
Questions and Problems
- Copy a floor plan of a 5 or 6 room house, using a scale of Va” = 1 foot. Sketch in the symbols on the floor plan which will show the following:
- A masonry wall on the front of the house only; the sides and rear walls are frame covered with siding. The interior partitions are of frame construction.
- Casement windows in the kitchen, ribbon sliding windows in the bedrooms, and double-hung windows in the rest of the rooms of the plan.
- Front and rear entrance doors, a double acting door between the kitchen and dining room, bi-fold or accordion doors for the closets, and a plastered arch if the plan requires one.
- Draw plumbing fixtures on the plan.
- Locate electrical fixtures, outlets, and switches on the plan.
- Identify the following symbols by a sketch:
a. Electric range outlet (plan)
- Outside electric outlet (plan)
- 4-way switch (plan)
- Metal flashing (elevation)
- Stone (elevation)
- 2″ X 4″ dimensioned lumber (section)
- Va” X 3 V2″ casing (section)
- Sliding door (interior wall plan)
i. Sliding door (exterior wall plan)
- Study the first floor plan of a set of plans found in this text. List 20 to 25 items of information found on the plan which are shown by symbols.
- Study the elevations of the set of plans found in problem 3 above, and list 15 or more items of information which are shown by symbols.
- Why is there a need for symbols?
- What organizations concern themselves with the standardization of symbols?
- What are three distinct kinds of architectural drawings which use symbols?
- Sketch a floor plan of a vacation cabin, using a scale of approximately Va” — 1 foot. Using symbols, show at least two doors, three different windows, a fireplace, an open porch, and a bath.
- Copy a plan from a magazine, make the outside walls either frame or masonry, with the interior partitions of wood, using a scale of Va” — 1 foot. Indicate on this plan, by proper symbols, two different kinds of appropriate windows and doors, stairs, cab-nets, plumbing fixtures, and chimney. Lighted Channel Letters Made. anaheimsigns.com
-
<img data-cke-saved-src=”https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2896/14775783061_5bff37e1f2_n.jpg” src=”https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2896/14775783061_5bff37e1f2_n.jpg” title=”Image from page 66 of ” the=”” practical=”” mechanic's=”” journal”=”” (1849)”=”” alt=”Image from page 66 of ” width=”320″ height=”83″>
Image by Internet Archive Book Images via Flickr
Internal construction of signs
In a second strategy, commonly called “Press Thru Letters”, the letters cut from the aluminum face. Acrylic letters are cutout a little smaller to fit thru the eliminated aluminum. The thickness of the acrylic letters will certainly range from 1/2″ thick to 1″ thick. The acrylic letters are then merged to a backup acrylic sheet, and the backup sheet is then connected to the back of the aluminum face so that the letters push thru the cutout areas.
Bronze/ Brass. Bronze and brass are primarily alloys of copper and zinc, plus traces of other metals, in differing proportions. They can be cast from ingots, sawn from sheet material or extruded. Smaller sized sign fabricators are generally restricted in the size of sections that can be poured. Their bright surfaces can be preoxidized by chemical attack or can be left to oxidize naturally in the weather condition. If oxidization is not desirable, manganese can be included to the alloy and the surface can be maintained through such finishes as lacquers or liquid plastics.
Red brass is an alloy of 84-86 percent copper and 14 percent zinc.
Yellow brass is an alloy of 70 percent copper and 30 percent zinc. Brass accepts chrome plating much better than bronze, and is therefore preferred for that purpose.
Casting. Cast metal signs are strong, one piece signs or individual letter forms of a reasonably heavy gauge. They are soften used when toughness or prestige recognition is required.
Installing. Metal signs are mounted with metal-rod wall fasteners, numerous adhesives, or by welding, brazing, or soldering onto a metal surface.
Sawing, Cutting
Fabrication Process. A paper pattern is made and connected to a metal plate. Following the pattern, the sign is eliminated with a band saw. Any metal is usable that can be sawed. Stainless-steel, for example, can be utilized up to a density of about 1/8 inch (.3 millimeters) or aluminum approximately 1/2 inch (1.3 millimeters).
Finishing needs only the removal of any rough edges by belt sanding and filing. More treatment might involve enameling, plating, or anodizing. Wall accessory strategies are basically the exact same as those for cast metal signs.
Producing Sheet Metal. Made sheet metal signs are hollow, thin-walled three-dimensional signs. They are built by hand from many different pieces. Sides and face of the sign’s are flat and generally broad in location. Numerous sheet metals such as stainless-steel, copper, or aluminum may be made use of.
Fabrication Process. A paper pattern of the signface is connected to the metal and the types are cut out. These types are given depth with the addition of sides. Sides and face are seamed by either soldering for steel, heliarc welding for aluminum, or brazing for copper. Size constraints for this kind of sign are really flexible and can grow to 10 feet (3 meters) in overall length. The surface of the sign can be completed by polishing, plating, anodizing, or enameling.
Internal construction of signs, particularly of illuminated ones, is a specialized art. Internal structural members must be engineered to allow space for electrical equipment, accessibility for relamping, and so forth. Because of the complexity of these construction problems, sign fabricators are best qualified to solve them. However, the exterior structure of any sign is the concern of the designer. In most cases the fabricator can build the exterior structure exactly as shown on the final design documents. If the designer has doubts about the strength of any structure he has designed, he can ask a fabricator to evaluate it, using accepted structural engineering methods.
If the designer conceives of a very large or unusual sign structure, it may require extensive engineering studies, which are too much for the consultant fabricator to do on speculation. It is advisable in such cases to hire a licensed structural engineer on a consultant basis who can provide calculations and structural drawings that will be issued with the designer's working drawings. Such a consultant would also supervise fabrication and installation of the structural work he has engineered.
The exterior sign system for McCarran International Airport involved several large signs which required the services of a consultant structural engineer. This engineer worked closely with the designers, checking the strength of each design as the development work proceeded. Basic problems and solutions that came from this collaborative effort are outlined in the following case study.
CASE STUDIES
To demonstrate the process of design development with actual sign problems, the following examples of exterior and interior signs were chosen from the authors' own experience:
Exterior Signs: McCarran International Airport
In this example, existing conditions influenced the design studies and ultimately the final solution.
Givens
- Strong desert winds of up to 80 mph often carry sand. Wind may blow signs over or blow out plastic signfaces. Sand may sand-blast the signs' finish.
- Signs in parking area are vulnerable to damage by carelessly driven vehicles. Tipsy drivers abound.
- Multilane circulation road requires signs to span up to 45 feet (13.5 meters).
- Major identity sign at site corner should be tall and visually strong. Engineering problem indicated because of strong winds.
Development Studies
- For sign panels consider alternate materials and methods to avoid plastic signfaces:
- Steel sign panel with vinyl copy.
- Alternate: aluminum panels with cutout aluminum copy.
- For sign supports consider alternate methods and materials:
Thin metal enclosure over heavy steel pipe inner frame.
- Alternate: heavy structural square, round, or rectangular tubing to serve as both inner and outer frame.
- For multilane road signs investigate the following:
- Freeway-type sign structure with truss spanning between vertical pipe supports.
- Alternate: special support structure of heavy wall pipe with elbows connecting vertical supports to horizontal member.
- For major identity sign study honeycomb core aluminum panels for signface with porcelain enamel finish, as used on freeway signing. Consider major identity sign to be 50-foot (15-meter) tall square tower:
- Steel frame with attached porcelain steel sign panels and silk-screened copy.
- Alternate: honeycomb panels as used on freeway signs over structural steel frame, with attached cutout copy.
Best Sign Prices at anaheimsigns.com
Spend time checking out indications online, before you figure out which type of indication will ideal fit your demands. Google pictures are an excellent source for sign concepts. Just input some key words that could describe the sort of sign you desire, like lighted letters, or indicator graphics, or rock monument indicators. You will certainly manage to view lots of photos that could give you some concepts, and layout motivation. This will assist you realise and also identify the sort of indication you will be purchasing, as well as all your estimators will be bidding the very same point.
Illumination of Signage and Lettering There are several basic types of illumination used for sign and letter lighting. Of course, there are two ways to use these types of lighting either externally or internally. Types Incandescent: Incandescent illumination uses Incandescent bulbs or quartz-iodine lamps. They light up with high intensity, their light output ranges from low to medium! Their rendition of colors emphasizes yellows and reds, and they require no ballasts. Fluorescent:
Fluorescent illumination uses common fluorescent tubes in blue-to-warm colors. They light large areas with low intensity lighting, their light output is fair to good (best with daylight they also come in soft white type lamp), their rendition of colors varies according to the color of the bulb. Exercise care in the selection of ballasts. They ballasts are made for varying temperatures, and bulb sizes. They generally are available in lengths of 24″, 30″, 36″, 48″, 60″, 72″, 84″, 96″, 108″, 117″, and 120″. High-Intensity Discharge: High-intensity discharge illumination uses mercury vapor lamps in cool to warm colors. Light is produced by an electric arc in mercury vapor. They light small areas with very high intensity, their light output is high, their rendition of colors is fair with normal tones taking on greenish and bluish casts, and they require ballasts. Reflective: Reflective illumination depends upon an independent exterior light source controlled by the viewer, and not the designer. Normally the design is cutout from a reflective vinyl film with glass beads imbedded in it to reflect light. The material comes in a variety of standard colors. Light Sources Incandescent Lighting: Only practical for very small signs, incandescent lighting may be used for such special effects as flashing signs. The bulbs themselves may form the letter, or they are arranged in a grid, with any combination of light bulbs flashing to form simple letters or numbers. Las Vegas uses a lot of this lighting technique with flashers to spell out promotions. The frame for this type of sign is usually a metal box with a sun shield glass front, mounted to a building. Synchronized with a computer program to change messages on a rotating basic Fluorescent Lighting: The most practical method for lighting cabinet signs. The tubes should not be placed more than 1 foot (.3 meters) apart and 4 or more inches (10.2 centimeters) away from the face of the sign to achieve an even light quality. They light up with high intensity, their light output ranges from low to medium! They light small areas with very high intensity, their light output is high, their rendition of colors is fair with normal tones taking on greenish and bluish casts, and they require ballasts. Reflective: Reflective illumination depends upon an independent exterior light source controlled by the viewer, and not the designer. The bulbs themselves may form the letter, or they are arranged in a grid, with any combination of light bulbs flashing to form simple letters or numbers. Fluorescent Lighting: The most practical method for lighting cabinet signs.